Common Mechanical Watch Problems and How to Fix Them

Mechanical watches are prized for their craftsmanship and intricate engineering, but like any precision instrument, they can encounter issues over time. Mechanical timepieces consist of delicate movements, gears, and springs that can wear out, malfunction, or become misaligned, leading to common problems. Fortunately, many of these issues can be addressed with a bit of knowledge and proper care. In this article, we’ll explore the most common mechanical watch problems and provide tips on how to fix them.

1. The Watch Has Stopped Running

One of the most common problems with mechanical watches is that they stop running. This can happen for several reasons, but the primary cause is typically that the watch has run out of power reserve.

Solution:

• Manual Winding: If you have a manual-wind watch, it’s possible that you haven’t wound it enough. Simply turn the crown clockwise until you feel resistance. Be careful not to over-wind, as this can damage the movement.
• Automatic Watch: For automatic watches, the movement is powered by the motion of your wrist. If you haven’t worn the watch in a while, it may have stopped. To get it running again, give it a few manual winds (usually 20-30 turns of the crown) to start the movement.

If the watch still isn’t running after winding, the issue may lie with the movement or an internal mechanical problem, which would require professional attention.

2. The Watch Is Running Too Fast or Too Slow

Another common issue with mechanical watches is inaccurate timekeeping. A watch that is running too fast or too slow can be a sign of various underlying issues, including magnetism, improper winding, or the need for servicing.

Solution:

• Demagnetizing the Watch: Mechanical watches can be affected by magnetic fields, which can interfere with the movement. If your watch is running faster than usual, it could be magnetized. A professional watchmaker can demagnetize the watch with a demagnetizer tool.
• Check for Proper Winding: Make sure the watch is properly wound. An under-wound watch may run slower, while an over-wound one could lead to an imbalance.
• Regular Servicing: If the problem persists, it may be a sign that the movement needs to be cleaned and oiled. Regular servicing (every 3-5 years) is essential to ensure that the watch remains accurate over time.

3. The Watch’s Hands Are Sticking or Not Moving Properly

If the hands of your watch aren’t moving smoothly or are sticking at certain positions, this could be due to a misalignment of the gears, a buildup of dirt, or a damaged movement.

Solution:

• Clean the Movement: Dirt and dust can accumulate inside the case, causing friction and slowing down the hands. A professional cleaning by a watchmaker may be necessary to remove any debris affecting the movement.
• Check for Broken Parts: If the hands are sticking or dragging, a broken or misaligned gear may be the culprit. In this case, it’s essential to take your watch to a certified watchmaker who can disassemble the movement and fix the issue.

4. The Watch Is Not Keeping Accurate Time (Gaining or Losing Time)

If your watch is gaining or losing time, it could be a result of several factors such as an unbalanced movement, wear and tear, or magnetism. Mechanical watches can also become less accurate as they age, especially if they haven’t been serviced in a while.

Solution:

• Regulation: In some cases, the movement may need to be regulated to ensure accurate timekeeping. Watchmakers can adjust the balance wheel or fine-tune the escapement to improve accuracy.
• Regular Servicing: If the time loss or gain is significant, it’s time to get the watch serviced. A watchmaker can clean, lubricate, and adjust the movement to restore accuracy.

5. The Watch Crystal Is Scratched or Damaged

Watches can sometimes encounter damage to their crystal, which is the protective cover over the dial. Sapphire crystal is known for its scratch resistance, but it can still be damaged by strong impacts or improper handling.

Solution:

• Minor Scratches: For light scratches, you may be able to buff them out using a diamond polishing compound or a professional-grade polish kit. However, this requires care to avoid damaging the crystal further.
• Replacing the Crystal: If the crystal is cracked or deeply scratched, you will need to replace it entirely. A professional watchmaker can replace the damaged crystal with a new one that matches your watch’s specifications.

6. The Crown is Loose or Broken

The crown is used to set the time and date and to wind the watch (in the case of manual or automatic watches). A loose or broken crown can make it difficult or impossible to adjust the time.

Solution:

• Tighten the Crown: If the crown feels loose, you may need to screw it back into place or tighten it by turning it clockwise. Sometimes the crown can become unscrewed after extended use, so simply ensuring it’s fully secured can fix the issue.
• Repair or Replace the Crown: If the crown is broken or completely detached, it will need to be replaced. A professional repair technician can remove the old crown and replace it with a new one.

7. The Watch Is Leaking or Water-Resistant Issues

While mechanical watches are not usually designed for extreme depths, many are water-resistant to certain degrees. If your watch is leaking or the water resistance isn’t functioning correctly, this could be due to a damaged gasket, worn seals, or improper care.

Solution:

• Check the Gaskets and Seals: Over time, the rubber gaskets or seals that prevent water from entering the watch case can wear down. If your watch isn’t water-resistant anymore, it’s time to have the seals replaced.
• Water-Resistant Testing: After replacing gaskets, have your watch pressure-tested by a professional to ensure it is water-resistant and ready for use in wet conditions again.

Conclusion: Fixing Common Mechanical Watch Problems

Mechanical watches are intricate devices that require regular attention to ensure they continue functioning correctly. Understanding the most common problems and knowing how to fix them can extend the life of your timepiece and keep it running accurately. Whether it’s winding the watch, cleaning the movement, or addressing minor repairs, the key to maintaining a mechanical watch is regular care and proper servicing. For issues that cannot be fixed at home, it’s always a good idea to seek professional help from an experienced watchmaker.